Translational Review and evidence based practice Essay

Social Science

Sociology THEORY ESSAY Most of the things we think about human? s conduct has come out on account of the distinctive mental hypotheses. We may address why there are such a significant number of various mental points of view, which one is correct and which one isn't right. Most Psychologists these days would state that none of the speculations are right. Notwithstanding, in the good 'ol days, the Psychologists would concur that all the hypotheses were the main really logical one. Brain research is a science committed to the investigation of our psyche and conduct. There are various methods of understanding the human psyche and conduct, those ways are called perspectives.A viewpoint is essentially a perspective or a method of thinking about how as some things are connected together and their significance. Sigmund Freud known as the dad of therapy was a popular physiologist, clinical specialist and a compelling mastermind of the mid twenties. Freud was the person who made another techni que to comprehend the human character. He had one of the most provocative personalities of the only remaining century. Freud was the one that improved the hypothesis of psychodynamic brain research and the celebrated treatment known as psychoanalysis.Freud was one of the most splendid masterminds in the only remaining century, he brought open consideration by his thoughts of we for the most part are not aware of the parts of ourselves. He accepted that what individuals are aware of is represented in our brains, recollections and sentiments. Freud accepted that the things we encountered in the past are a piece of our psyche that he called the oblivious. Nonetheless, we can't get to the substance in our oblivious, they frequently show up in our fantasies. Freud portrayed the oblivious brain has an icy mass where just an extremely little piece of it is open to awareness.The part of the oblivious that he trusted it very well may be gotten to effectively he named the pre-cognizant. The s ignificance of an early encounter is obviously delineated by Freud’s advancement hypothesis of psychosexual turn of events. He depicted that each phase of our life focuses on a piece of the body that is applicable at that stage. On the off chance that the necessities of the individual are accomplished on that stage, the individual in question was all set into the following stage. Nonetheless, in the event that the individual battles to accomplish that stage, at that point the person gets stuck in this stage.Freud accepted that these outcomes are the ones that we help through into the adulthood and it can clarify our practices further down the road. Stretch and Whitehouse (2010) The beginning period of an individual is known as the oral stage. The attention on this stage is on the mouth and exercises like, sucking, licking and gnawing. Freud accepts that there could be two explanations behind obsession. On the off chance that the baby was debilitated two early, It could make t he newborn child feels unsatisfied and the baby could turn into a contrary, mocking person.If, in the other hand, the baby was over-delighted, the baby could build up an artless character, effectively confiding in others and with a propensity of swallow anything. The beginning time keeps going from birth to around year and a half. Stretch and Whitehouse (2010) If the baby overcomes the phase without any issues, the following stage is known as the butt-centric stage, where the newborn child centers around viewpoints to do with potty preparing. On the off chance that there is a battle between the guardians and the youngster during the potty preparing or if the kid doesn't feel good while potty preparing, they may revolt by holding their faeces.This kind of obsession is called anally retentive. The youngster isn't allowed the chance to appreciate potty preparing so the kid can turn into a confused individual. During the ages of four and five, the youngster goes through the phallic stag e. Freud accepted that this stage is related with anxiety and blame emotions about sex and dread of maiming for guys. In the event that this stage isn't passes effectively, this hypothesis recommends that a kid could become gay and a young lady could turn into a lesbian. Freud thought these were anomalous obsessions however these days a great many people would not see them in the manner Freud did.When the youngster arrives at the age of five until the age of seven, the kid gets into the inactivity stage where the person centers around the social condition and the improvement of fellowships. The last psychosexual stage is the genital stage where the pubescence starts. Freud accepted that the less focused the individual has become during the prior stages, the more effectively this stage will be arranged, bringing about the capacity to frame most grounded hetero associations with a capacity to be warm and adoring just as to get love in another, develop fashion.Overall, Psychoanalysis i s generally used to fix discouragement and any sort of psychological instability. Analysts additionally accepted that their treatment would discharge stifled feelings, it would make the oblivious cognizant. Functionalism is known as a sociological perspective that sees the general public working in harmony and amicability with one another, making a gigantic commitment to the smooth running of the general public. The general public cooperates utilizing social strategies to control and manage degenerate individuals from gatherings, to ensure the general public capacities smoothly.Talcott Parsons was an American humanist who helped in the advancement of functionalism and sociological viewpoints. He accepted that society was a framework made of interrelated foundations and consequently, the general public would run smooth. He additionally accepted that the fundamental job of an organization was to mingle people and ensure they had the option to comprehend the estimations of the general public and act in a satisfactory manner. Functionalism says that everything and everybody in the general public fills a need, regardless of how peculiar it might appear. For instance, wrongdoing is seen all around as trouble.Functionalists, anyway says that wrongdoing fills a few needs. They accepted that wrongdoing is required for the work of criminal agents, cops and others related fields to work. On the off chance that at any second wrongdoing vanish from the planet, a large number of occupations related with wrongdoing would never again be essential. Stretch and Whitehouse (2010) Functionalism got some analysis for overlooking the negative angles in occasions, for example, separate. Pundits likewise proclaim that the viewpoint of functionalism legitimizes the sculptures of quo and smugness with respect to society members.Functionalism doesn't convince individuals to attempt to change their social condition, regardless of whether those progressions could profit them. Functionalis m is likewise censured for its absence of testability. Functionalism is portrayed as the most summed up and inefficient of the sociological schools. It isn't legitimately sync with fluctuation among societies and it doesn't clarify the adjustments in the general public. Marxism was first evolved by a German Philosopher called Karl Marx. He thought about that singular conduct was molded by society yet he accepted that the monetary framework characterized society and individuals? place inside it. Marx held the perspectives that the mechanical society of his time there were two social classes: The bourgeoisie or industrialist that were depicted as a little ground-breaking bunch who claimed all the components, workplaces and different work environments and the Proletariat that were an a lot bigger and less fortunate gathering that were utilized by the business people. Stretch and Whitehouse (2010) Marx’s see was that those two social gatherings would consistently get into strife as the industrialists were the ones that possessed the workplaces and they would need higher profits.In the opposite side the representatives, the ones on the low class gathering, would request more significant compensations. That is the explanation that Marxism is typically called the contention model. Marx accepted that those contentions between the business people and the low class could cause an upheaval. Woman's rights is frequently observed for instance of a contention model. Abbot and Claire Wallace (1990) were two ladies who contended about the male control in the general public. They said the general public didn't give enough consideration to the issues of the ladies and their place in the society.There are three unique sorts of woman's rights: Marxism woman's rights, Radical woman's rights and Liberal women's liberation Marxism Feminists consider ladies to be a common laborers. They accepted that ladies meet the social, passionate and physical necessities of their youngste rs and they are prepared to work for their family and kids on what's to come. Ladies realize how to keep up their spouses or accomplices, they are acceptable at preparing dinners and they deal with their kids appropriately without being paid. Stretch and Whitehouse (2010) Radical woman's rights accepts that it isn't the free enterprise or public activity that rules ladies, however men.They state that ladies are housewives and moms. They accept there isn't equity between the genders and ladies are just expected to deal with the kids and accomplish house work Liberal Feminism concur that the progressions happening now and the one that will most likely occur later on, for example, the progressions of mentalities, equivalent compensation and sex segregation brought greater equity between the two genders. Marxism asserts that the medical issues individuals have are firmly identified with the undesirable and upsetting work environments.Marx accepted that medical issues are not the consequ ence of individual shortcoming, however the inconsistent social structure and class hindrances that are duplicated under private enterprise. Marx accepted that the examples of mortality and sickness are most likely identified with occupation, particularly on account of modern regular workers. Marxism contends that medication isn't an autonomous order, however a part of financial creation which react to the political needs of the industrialist framework in general. A few Marxists contend that the NHS benefits the bourgeoisie by guaranteeing that their laborers stay all around ok to work.Most of those laborers comprehended their disparity yet accepted that the framework was reasonable. Marxism talked about that the free wellbeing administration was a triumph for the low class, the common laborers, as the bourgeoisie used to get the best consideration first. Marxism recei

Beyond The Birds And The Bees 4 Educational Books On Sex

Beyond The Birds And The Bees 4 Educational Books On Sex Sexual education. It seems that no matter how great or thorough the curriculum your eighth grade phys ed/health/science teacher used there’s still something you have questions about. Maybe it’s because your educator focused on cisgender straight folks. Maybe it’s because you overheard someone at brunch mention a body part that you didn’t even know existed. Whatever the reason we’ve all got questions and thankfully there are books to give us some answers. To get you started here are four books about topics that might not have been covered back in eighth grade. Girl Sex 101  (Allison Moon and kd diamond) When Girl Sex 101 came out earlier this year it felt like everyone but my grandmother was talking about it. I finally got a copy last week and now I get what all the hubbub was about. Allison Moon’s anecdotal, warm writing style combined with kd diamond’s bold illustrations come together to create a smart and accessible guide that covers a whole wide range of topics from safer-sex to harnesses to consent. On both personal and professional notes I appreciate Moon’s commitment to including trans women in a book about girl/girl sex. While her effort to be inclusive did at times produce some awkward phrasing this book is miles ahead of most of its competitors; in part because she places cis and trans experiences together instead of putting trans women in one chapter and focusing the rest of the book on cis women. Short essays from other educators and activists (such as Tobi Hill-Meyer, Nina Hartley, and Claudia Astorino) are sprinkled throughout. Fucking Trans Women: A Zine About The Sex Lives Of Trans Women  (Mira Bellweather) I’m going to skip over my whole “READING THIS WAS A WAVE OF WONDERFUL REAFFIRMING EMOTIONS”-spiel and just give you the facts: Originally published as a zine FTW was the first book (or at least the first I can find that gained wide recognition) to address the sex lives of trans women. Part how-to guide, part philosophizing on sex and bodies this book addresses questions that I, an actual transsexual lady, didn’t even know I had. If you enjoy FTW you’ll be happy to hear that there’s a second volume of the zine that’s supposed to be showing up sometime soon. Come as You Are: The Surprising New Science that Will Transform Your Sex Life  (Emily Nagoski) This is not the first time Come As You Are has been recommended on Book Riot but I’m just going to bring it back because it has so much great information packed into it. In light, jargon-free language Nagoski tackles cultural assumptions about how women’s brains react to sex and offers up new ways of understanding sex drive, arousal, and more. As you read Come As You Are, Nagoski’s years as an educator really come through as she works to break things down into easy to understand pieces with examples, analogies, and quick worksheets that come together to give us a better understanding of our bodies and our sexual identities. (I am going to add that this book is built on studies and experiments done with cisgender women which may be frustrating for some readers. Nagoski does acknowledge the way in which research has focused on cis women but I’ll allow the trans readers out there to decide for themselves how they feel about her language and framing.) The Seductive Art of Japanese Rope Bondage (Midori and Craig Morey) For many people who are looking to include ropework in their sex lives, the beautiful and intricate suspensions and knots found online can make this art seem like a daunting challenge. Thankfully, Midori is here to breakdown that fear and get us started. When people come into the sensuality shop I work at looking to get started with rope I have no hesitation about putting this book into their hands. Midori is a widely acknowledged expert in her field who has years of experience with safe and gorgeous rope bondage. She starts off the book with a thorough introduction that situates this art in a historical context and makes it clear that with The Seductive Art of Japanese Rope Bondage she’s offering a guide to practical rope bondage that the reader can use at home. While this book won’t make you a master of rope bondage, it will teach you the basics, give you some fun new things to incorporate into your sex life, and help you build a strong foundation to continue upon. Sign up for True Story to receive nonfiction news, new releases, and must-read forthcoming titles.

The Impact Of Artificial Intelligence - 1054 Words

As Artificial intelligence (AI) becomes more and more complex, so do the concerns and stigma surrounding it. AI has been defined by Merriam-Webster (n.d.) as the capability of a machine to imitate intelligent human behavior. Between Siri, Spotify auto-play, Amazon suggestions, and spam filters on e-mailing services, AI has already worked itself in our everyday lives. As AI progresses, we can see it used in self-driving vehicles, taking over tedious human jobs, or as a companion in life. The future of AI worries many everyday people and well-educated scientists. Many worry that AI will somehow take over humanity. Often, the medias portrayal of advanced AI only inflames this fear. Many scientists believe that if AI does take over, it†¦show more content†¦Many scientists say that AI will not become malevolent on its own. However, that will not stop someone from programming AI to be evil. Humans item make irrational decisions that can cause harm to others. When humans have acce ss to something as powerful as AI, nothing stand in their way of programming AI to carry out their dirty work (FLT, n.d.). If you do not fear AI suddenly turning evil, worry about your fellow human programming AI to be evil. Having someone program to be malevolent is not the only way that SO could have negative consequences. If AI’s goals are not directly aligned with ours, something could go majorly wrong (Bossmann, 2016). For example, if AI is told to rid the world of cancer, AI could kill the entire human race (Bossmann, 2016). The AI achieved its goal as there would no longer be anyone who has cancer, but that is not what the programmers goal was. AI’s intentions need to be precisely aligned with their programmers, or it could mean a tragedy for humanity. AI could also positively affect society, in fact, it already has. Life assistants such as Siri and Cortana are AI (FLT, n.d.). You merely ask these devices questions or tell them commands, and they will answer or carry out your wish. Some cars already have features powered by AI, such as advanced highway options and parking features. These functions use AI to analyze the surroundings and comeShow MoreRelatedArtificial Intelligence Impact864 Words   |  4 Pages Artificial Intelligence and Its Impact to The Modern World Artificial Intelligence is something that us humans have known about for many years now. It is something that has been brought up and popularized in movies and books, and is a subject matter that a lot of people enjoy reading up on. The benefits of artificially intelligences out weighs the risks, but it is something that should be treaded carefully. Based on movies and known theories artificially intelligence has the possibilityRead MoreHow Artificial Intelligence Will Impact The World900 Words   |  4 Pages Zoltan recently spoke at the Artificial Intelligence and The Singularity Conference in Oakland, California. It had AI specialists Peter Voss and Monica Anderson, New York University educator Gary Marcus, science fiction author Nicole Sallak Anderson, and futurist Scott Jackisch. We were fascinated in how artificial intelligence will impact the world. My subject was The Morality of an Artificial Intelligence Will be Different from our Human Morality. Elon Musk an entrepreneur made the headlinesRead MoreEssay about Social And Ethical Impact Of Artificial Intelligence1370 Words   |  6 Pagesthousands of years, from stories of Pygmalion to the tales of the Jewish Golem. Anat Treister-Goren, Ph.D. (http://www.a-i.com/) The concepts of the development of artificial intelligence can be traced as far back as ancient Greece. Even something as small as the abacus has in someway led to the idea of artificial intelligence. However, one of the biggest breakthroughs in the area of AI is when computers were invented. Many encyclopaedias and other reference works state that the first large-scaleRead MoreSocial and Ethical Impact of Artificial Intelligence Essay examples1503 Words   |  7 PagesContents Introduction III History III What is Artificial Intelligence? 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Artificial intelligence, defined by Dictionary.com, is the theory and development of computer systems able to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence, such as visual perception, speech recognition, decision-making, and translation between languages. Artificial intelligence has advanced far enough to the capability ofRead MoreResearch Paper On Artificial Intelligence1641 Words   |  7 Pages Troy University IS 3310: XTIB Introduction to Information Systems and Data Analytics Artificial Intelligence Brittany Cook July 20, 2017 Abstract This research involves discovering how Artificial Intelligence (AI) has progressed and how it could potentially replace mankind. The goal of this research is to provide examples of how Artificial Intelligence is incorporated into our daily lives and provides an easier way of living. Today, we live in a world where technology is constantlyRead MoreHow Close Are We Really Artificial Intelligence?1249 Words   |  5 PagesHow Close Are We Really to Artificial Intelligence? In The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy, written by Douglas Adams, a man named Arthur Dent wakes up and finds himself at the beginning of beyond a bad day. When he learns that a friend of his is actually an alien with advanced knowledge of Earth s impending destruction, he is transported off the Earth seconds before it is exploded to make way for a new hyperspace motorway. And as if that s not enough, throw in being wanted by the police, EarthRead MoreComputer Systems And Artificial Intelligence1266 Words   |  6 Pagesavailable to move itself forward. Computer systems, known as artificial intelligence, can perform the tasks humans commonly complete (Keswani). Both a child and computer construct a way to learn the information, but they do this in two abstract methods. 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The Censorship Of The Media - 1665 Words

Privacy in the Media In addition, the media is in an especially complex situation regarding the current concept of privacy regarding the proper use of technology and due to the numerous ethical issues, that arise from sensationalist media practices. First, the invasion of privacy can be justified by uncovering vital information that serves public interest to be considered ethical journalistic practice (Plaisance, 2014, p. 187). However, while there is less ethical merit in providing the public with the information it â€Å"wants† to know, it is justifiable under business matters if it is not malicious or extremely invasive. It is a journalist’s duty to reveal the truth to the public and keep them informed, but many would consider it unethical†¦show more content†¦Sensationalism in the news media is not going to subside any time soon due to the high demand for dramatic stories and the ability of the internet to rapidly spread information around the globe, but jo urnalists need to be held accountable for any unethical breaches of privacy that cause harm to another person. Accordingly, the focus sensationalist news has shifted the focus of news coverage onto the individual people instead of on the issues. The focus on individuals and their dramatic personal stories is a trend that began a few decades ago, and the ratings that such stories receive has only incentivized journalists to delve deeper into the personal lives of many citizens even if the intrusion is unwelcome (Plaisance, 2014, pp. 188-189). The focus on the lives of individuals has become apparent in recent political news coverage and the popularity of celebrity tabloids that focus on the lives of individuals. Unfortunately, this focus on covering the lives of individuals like soap operas has led many major television news networks, the most popular news platform, to air less difficult to cover subjects that rely on factual information and might not get good ratings (Herther, 2011). As a result, any individual that becomes involved in a potentially high rating story could have their privacy invaded by the media circus that tends to chase big headlines and any story that can be infused with aShow MoreRelatedCensorship And The Media Of Censorship1407 Words   |  6 Pagesthe same can be said about censorship. Censorship and privacy do not solely revolve around leaks and personal intrusions from foreign entities. The advent of social media and cell phones have created new avenues for people to communicate and share information; The internet provides people a new and global way to spread information that can be considered worthy of censorship. Many people I know argue that censorship should not be commonplace in the media, in social media, or even in the entire InternetRead MoreMedia Censorship1427 Words   |  6 PagesApril 30, 2011 Media Censorship in the United States Censorship has existed for longer than we could ever imagine. One of the first acts of state sponsored censorship occurred in 399 B.C. when Socrates, was executed for the â€Å"supposed common good of the people† (Guarding Public Morality, 2010, p.1). Socrates was a teacher and a philosopher in ancient Greece. 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These items take away from moral values, and it also undermines the instruction parents give to their children. We need a healthier world with fewer restrictions, and if negative commodities are prohibiting children from recreational play parents should be the regulators in what content their childrenRead MoreThe Censorship Of The Media1542 Words   |  7 PagesBut while the larger media corporations may be hesitant to allow these other conceptions of the human to be represented in the mainstream, there is no such hesitation in fan communities. The fans are not and do not have to be concerned with â€Å"securing the well-being of our present ethnoclass† (Wynter). Rather, they are considered with their own well-being and their own representation and thus they are able to tell the stories that th ey want to be told and there is nothing preventing them from doingRead MoreThe Censorship Of The Media939 Words   |  4 Pagesongoings of the world inform American policy and economics. Yet Americans remain ambivalent because other countries are not debated in the news. The news media implicitly apply filters to their coverage of news stories to inform the public thereby creating a narrative skewed by political or financial gain to influence their viewers. Because the media is privatized, it is difficult to recognize this propaganda system. Careful dissection of the time and space dedicated to each story covered by the anchorsRead MoreCensorship and Indecency in Media928 Words   |  4 PagesCensorship and Indecency in Media Although indecent speech is protected by the First Amendment speech in broadcast media has been restricted because of its accessibility to children. In Federal Communications Commission’s (FCC) current policy, indecent speech is defined as the â€Å"language that describes, in terms patently offensive as measured by contemporary community standards for the broadcast medium, sexual or excretory activities and organs, at times of the day when there is a reasonable thatRead MoreCensorship in the Media Essay1084 Words   |  5 Pagesthe term censorship have been changed and manipulated very much over the years. Television and movie ratings have become more lenient against violence and indiscretion because these things are now seen as entertainment. Is this appropriate for our youth? Should children be exposed to these images so early on? How does censorship in the media affect adolescents? Children are the future of our society and need to have some understanding of real w orld occurrences. Ultimately, censorship can onlyRead More Censorship in Media Essay2359 Words   |  10 Pagesviewing audience. Censorship is defined as Policy of restricting the public expression of ideas, opinions, conceptions, and impulses, which are believed to have the capacity to undermine the governing authority or the social and moral order which authority considers itself bound to protect? (Abraham 357). Political, religious, obscenity, and censorship affecting academic freedom are all equal in their destructiveness towards free speech. ?There are two different forms that censorship takes; prior, whichRead MoreCensoring The Censorship Of Media3205 Words   |  13 PagesCesar Ortega Mrs. Martinez English, Period 8th 11/28/2014 Censoring In the 21st century the censoring of media should be scarce but in the contrary it’s being reinforce by countries. For instance, the act of censoring gay media hurts all those individuals who are members of the LGBT community and those who wish to learn more about the LGBT community and its history. It prevents people who wish to find more resources and information that might be able to change their life for the better. Censoring

Overview of Fmcg Sector Free Essays

An Overview of the FMCG Industry in India chillibreeze writer — Shital Vakhariya Looking for more info Read our more comprehensive report of the same at: India-Reports Read more about Discount Retailing   Ã‚  | | | What are Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG)? Products which have a quick turnover, and relatively low cost are known as Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG). FMCG products are those that get replaced within a year. Examples of FMCG generally include a wide range of frequently purchased consumer products such as toiletries, soap, cosmetics, tooth cleaning products, shaving products and detergents, as well as other non-durables such as glassware, bulbs, batteries, paper products, and plastic goods. We will write a custom essay sample on Overview of Fmcg Sector or any similar topic only for you Order Now FMCG may also include pharmaceuticals, consumer electronics, packaged food products, soft drinks, tissue paper, and chocolate bars. A subset of FMCGs are Fast Moving Consumer Electronics which include innovative electronic products such as mobile phones, MP3 players, digital cameras, GPS Systems and Laptops. These are replaced more frequently than other electronic products. White goods in FMCG refer to household electronic items such as Refrigerators, T. Vs, Music Systems, etc. In 2005, the Rs. 48,000-crore FMCG segment was one of the fast growing industries in India. According to the AC Nielsen India study, the industry grew 5. 3% in value between 2004 and 2005. Indian FMCG Sector | | The Indian FMCG sector is the fourth largest in the economy and has a market size of US$13. 1 billion. Well-established distribution networks, as well as intense competition between the organised and unorganised segments are the characteristics of this sector. FMCG in India has a strong and competitive MNC presence across the entire value chain. It has been predicted that the FMCG market will reach to US$ 33. 4 billion in 2015 from US $ billion 11. 6 in 2003. The middle class and the rural segments of the Indian population are the most promising market for FMCG, and give brand makers the opportunity to convert them to branded products. Most of the product categories like jams, toothpaste, skin care, shampoos, etc, in India, have low per capita consumption as well as low penetration level, but the potential for growth is huge. The Indian Economy is surging ahead by leaps and bounds, keeping pace with rapid urbanization, increased literacy levels, and rising per capita income. The big firms are growing bigger and small-time companies are catching up as well. According to the study conducted by AC Nielsen, 62 of the top 100 brands are owned by MNCs, and the balance by Indian companies. Fifteen companies own these 62 brands, and 27 of these are owned by Hindustan Lever. Pepsi is at number three followed by Thums Up. Britannia takes the fifth place, followed by Colgate (6), Nirma (7), Coca-Cola (8) and Parle (9). These are figures the soft drink and cigarette companies have always shied away from revealing. Personal care, cigarettes, and soft drinks are the three biggest categories in FMCG. Between them, they account for 35 of the top 100 brands. Exhibit I THE TOP 10 COMPANIES IN FMCG SECTOR S. NO. | Companies| 1. | Hindustan Unilever Ltd. | 2. | ITC (Indian Tobacco Company)| 3. | Nestle India| 4. | GCMMF (AMUL)| 5. | Dabur India| 6. | Asian Paints (India)| 7. | Cadbury India| 8. | Britannia Industries| 9. | Procter amp; Gamble Hygiene and Health Care| 10. | Marico Industries| Source: Naukrihub. com The companies mentioned in Exhibit I, are the leaders in their respective sectors. The personal care category has the largest number of brands, i. e. , 21, inclusive of Lux, Lifebuoy, Fair and Lovely, Vicks, and Ponds. There are 11 HLL brands in the 21, aggregating Rs. 3,799 crore or 54% of the personal care category. Cigarettes account for 17% of the top 100 FMCG sales, and just below the personal care category. ITC alone accounts for 60% volume market share and 70% by value of all filter cigarettes in India. The foods category in FMCG is gaining popularity with a swing of launches by HLL, ITC, Godrej, and others. This category has 18 major brands, aggregating Rs. 4,637 crore. Nestle and Amul slug it out in the powders segment. The food category has also seen innovations like softies in ice creams, chapattis by HLL, ready to eat rice by HLL and pizzas by both GCMMF and Godrej Pillsbury. This category seems to have faster development than the stagnating personal care category. Amul, India’s largest foods company, has a good presence in the food category with its ice-creams, curd, milk, butter, cheese, and so on. Britannia also ranks in the top 100 FMCG brands, dominates the biscuits category and has launched a series of products at various prices. In the household care category (like mosquito repellents), Godrej and Reckitt are two players. Goodknight from Godrej, is worth above Rs 217 crore, followed by Reckitt’s Mortein at Rs 149 crore. In the shampoo category, HLL’s Clinic and Sunsilk make it to the top 100, although P;amp;G’s Head and Shoulders and Pantene are also trying hard to be positioned on top. Clinic is nearly double the size of Sunsilk. Dabur is among the top five FMCG companies in India and is a herbal specialist. With a turnover of Rs. 19 billion (approx. US$ 420 million) in 2005-2006, Dabur has brands like Dabur Amla, Dabur Chyawanprash, Vatika, Hajmola and Real. Asian Paints is enjoying a formidable presence in the Indian sub-continent, Southeast Asia, Far East, Middle East, South Pacific, Caribbean, Africa and Europe. Asian Paints is India’s largest paint company, with a turnover of Rs. 22. 6 billion (around USD 513 million). Forbes Global magazine, USA, ranked Asian Paints among the 200 Best Small Companies in the World Cadbury India is the market leader in the chocolate confectionery market with a 70% market share and is ranked number two in the total food drinks market. Its popular brands include Cadbury’s Dairy Milk, 5 Star, Eclairs, and Gems. The Rs. 15. 6 billion (USD 380 Million) Marico is a leading Indian group in consumer products and services in the Global Beauty and Wellness space. Scope Of The Sector| | | The Indian FMCG sector with a market size of US$13. 1 billion is the fourth largest sector in the economy. A well-established distribution network, intense competition between the organized and unorganized segments characterize the sector. FMCG Sector is expected to grow by over 60% by 2010. That will translate into an annual growth of 10% over a 5-year period. It has been estimated that FMCG sector will rise from around Rs 56,500 crores in 2005 to Rs 92,100 crores in 2010. Hair care, household care, male grooming, female hygiene, and the chocolates and confectionery categories are estimated to be the fastest growing segments, says an HSBC report. Though the sector witnessed a slower growth in 2002-2004, it has been able to make a fine recovery since then. | | For example, Hindustan Levers Limited (HLL) has shown a healthy growth in the last quarter. An estimated double-digit growth over the next few years shows that the good times are likely to continue. Growth Prospects With the presence of 12. 2% of the world population in the villages of India, the Indian rural FMCG market is something no one can overlook. Increased focus on farm sector will boost rural incomes, hence providing better growth prospects to the FMCG companies. Better infrastructure facilities will improve their supply chain. FMCG sector is also likely to benefit from growing demand in the market. Because of the low per capita consumption for almost all the products in the country, FMCG companies have immense possibilities for growth. And if the companies are able to change the mindset of the consumers, i. e. if they are able to take the consumers to branded products and offer new generation products, they would be able to generate higher growth in the near future. It is expected that the rural income will rise in 2007, boosting purchasing power in the countryside. However, the demand in urban areas would be the key growth driver over the long term. Also, increase in the urban population, along with increase in income levels and the availability of new categories, would help the urban areas maintain their position in terms of consumption. At present, urban India accounts for 66% of total FMCG consumption, with rural India accounting for the remaining 34%. However, rural India accounts for more than 40% consumption in major FMCG categories such as personal care, fabric care, and hot beverages. In urban areas, home and personal care category, including skin care, household care and feminine hygiene, will keep growing at relatively attractive rates. Within the foods segment, it is estimated that processed foods, bakery, and dairy are long-term growth categories in both rural and urban areas. Indian Competitiveness and Comparison with the World Markets The following factors make India a competitive player in FMCG sector:? Availability of raw materials Because of the diverse agro-climatic conditions in India, there is a large raw material base suitable for food processing industries. India is the largest producer of livestock, milk, sugarcane, coconut, spices and cashew and is the second largest producer of rice, wheat and fruits amp;vegetables. India also produces caustic soda and soda ash, which are required for the production of soaps and detergents. The availability of these raw materials gives India the location advantage. Labor cost comparison Low cost labor gives India a competitive advantage. India’s labor cost is amongst the lowest in the world, after China ;amp; Indonesia. Low labor costs give the advantage of low cost of production. Many MNC’s have established their plants in India to outsource for domestic and export markets. ? Presence across value chain Indian companies have their presence across the valu e chain of FMCG sector, right from the supply of raw materials to packaged goods in the food-processing sector. This brings India a more cost competitive advantage. For example, Amul supplies milk as well as dairy products like cheese, butter, etc. | Strategic Intent We intend to significantly accelerate profitable growth. To do this, we will: * Focus on growing our core brands across categories, reaching out to new geographies, within and outside India, and improve operational efficiencies by leveraging technology * Be the preferred company to meet the health and personal grooming needs of our target consumers with safe, efficacious, natural solutions by synthesizing our deep knowledge of ayurveda and herbs with modern science * Provide our consumers with innovative products ithin easy reach * Build a platform to enable Dabur to become a global ayurvedic leader * Be a professionally managed employer of choice, attracting, developing and retaining quality personnel * Be responsible citizens with a commitment to environmental protection * Provide superior returns, relative to our peer group, to our shareholders * Dabur India Limited | * Dabur Ind ia Limited is India’s leading FMCG company with interests in health care, personal care and foods. Dabur has a history of more than 100 years and the company has carved a niche for it self in the field of Ayurvedic medicines. The products of Dabur are marketed in more than 50 countries worldwide. The company has 2 major strategic business units (SBU) – Consumer Care Division (CCD) ;amp; Consumer Health Division (CHD), and 3 Subsidiary Group companies – Dabur Foods, Dabur Nepal and Dabur International. Dabur International has 3 step down subsidiaries – Asian Consumer Care in Bangladesh, African Consumer Care in Nigeria and Dabur Egypt. The origin of Dabur can be traced back to 1884 when Dr. S. K. Burman started a health care products manufacturing facility in a small Calcutta pharmacy. In 1896, as a result of growing popularity of Dabur products, Dr. Burman set up a manufacturing plant for mass production of formulations. In early 1900s, Dabur entered the specialized area of nature based Ayurvedic medicines. In 1919, Dabur established research laboratories to develop scientific processes and quality checks. In 1936, Dabur became a full-fledged company with the name Dabur India (Dr. S. K. Burman) Pvt Ltd. Dabur shifted its operations to Delhi in 1972. Dabur became a Public Limited Company in 1986 and Dabur India Limited came into existence after reverse merger with Vidogum Limited. In 1992, Dabur entered into a joint venture with Agrolimen of Spain to manufacture and market confectionary items in India. In 1994, Dabur raised its first IPO. In 1998, day to day running of the company was handed over to professionals. In 2000, Dabur achieved a turnover of Rs 1000 crores. In 2005, Dabur acquired Balsara. Dabur crossed $ 2 billion market cap in 2006. Some of the well-known brands of Dabur are: Amla Chyawanprash, Hajmola, Lal Dantmanjan, Nature Care, Pudin Hara, Babool Toothpaste, Hingoli, Dabur Honey, Lemoneez, Meswak, Odonil, Real, RealActiv and Vatika. 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Simpsons Essays (2280 words) - The Simpsons,

Simpsons I DIDN'T DO IT How The Simpsons Affects Kids The Simpsons is one of Americas most popular television shows. It ranks as the number one television program for viewers under eighteen years of age. However, the ideals that The Simpsons conveys are not always wholesome, sometimes not even in good taste. It is inevitable that The Simpsons is affecting children. Matt Groening took up drawing to escape from his troubles in 1977. At the time, Groening was working for the L.A. Reader, a free weekly newspaper. He began working on Life in Hell, a humorous comic strip consisting of people with rabbit ears. The L.A. Reader picked up a copy of his comic strip and liked what they saw. Life in Hell gradually became a common comic strip in many free weeklies and college newspapers across the country. It even developed a cult status. (Varhola, 1) Life in Hell drew the attention of James L. Brooks, producer of works such as Taxi, The Mary Tyler Moore Show, and Terms of Endearment. Brooks originally wanted Groening to make an animated pilot of Life in Hell. Groening chose not to do so in fear of loosing royalties from papers that printed the strip. Groening presented Brooks with an overweight, balding father, a mother with a blue beehive hairdo, and three obnoxious spiky haired children. Groening intended for them to represent the typical American family who love each other and drive each other crazy. Groening named the characters after his own family. His parents were named Homer and Margaret and he had two younger sisters named Lisa and Maggie. Bart was an anagram for brat. Groening chose the last name Simpson to sound like the typical American family name. (Varhola, 2) Brooks decided to put the 30 or 60 second animations on between skits on The Tracy Ullman Show on the unsuccessful Fox network. Cast members Dan Castellaneta and Julie Kavner did the voices of Homer and Marge. Yeardley Smith (later to star in Herman's Head) did the voice of Lisa. Nancy Cartwright did the voice of Bart. Cartwright previously supplied the voices for many cartoons, including Galaxy High, Fantastic Max, Richie Rich, Snorks, Pound Puppies, My Little Pony, and Glo-Friends. Tracy Ullman later added Cartwright to her cast. (Dale and Trich, 11) Brooks, Groening, and Sam Simon, Tracy Ullman's producer, wanted to turn the Simpson family into their own show. The Fox network was looking for material to appeal to younger viewers. The only show they had that drew a young audience was Married With Children. To Fox's pleasure, The Simpsons saved the network from near failure. (Varhola, 3) On December 17, 1989, The Simpsons got their break. The Christmas special, Simpsons Roasting on an Open Fire aired. (Dale and Trich, 19) In the episode, Bart got a tattoo, much to Marge's dislike. She quickly spent all of the family's Christmas money to remove Bart's tattoo with a laser. At the same time, Homer, still on his morning coffee break at 4:00 in the afternoon, learns that he will not receive a Christmas bonus. When he learns that Marge is relying on the money for Christmas, he decides that he will do the Christmas shopping for the year. He quickly buys Marge panty hose, Bart paper, Lisa crayons, and Maggie a dog toy. When he realizes that he is not doing very well, he gets a second job as a mall Santa for the extra money. On the way home from work, he steals a Christmas tree. The next day at the mall, Bart sits on his Dad's lap and pulls down his beard. Homer responds by choking Bart and making him help make Christmas better. On Christmas Eve, Homer receives his check, $13.70 for over 40 hours work. Homer takes Bart to the dog track as a final chance for Christmas money. They discovered a gem in the third r ace, Santa's Little Helper. How could this dog loose on Christmas Eve? The odds were 99 to 1, they were going to be rich. Homer put all of his money on Santa's Little Helper, and to his horror, he never even finished. As Homer and Bart were scouring the parking lot for winning tickets into